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Mathematical and physical constants and constants manipulation functions.
The sources are:
High precision mathematical constants obtained from MPFR.
Fundamental constants: 2018 CODATA recommended values, see constants.txt distributed with NumCosmo sources.
The atomic weights: Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW) of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). See also from the NIST compilation.
Astronomical constants: IAU 2015
resolutions for the astronomical unit ncm_c_au()
, parsec ncm_c_pc()
and derived constants.
See also Luzum 2011.
Atomic Spectra: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Atomic Spectra Standard Reference Database 78 - Version 5.7 (October 2018).
double
ncm_c_deg2_steradian (void
);
The convertion factor from degrees squared to steradian.
gdouble
ncm_c_stefan_boltzmann (void
);
Using CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_magnetic_constant (void
);
Using CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_ratio_alpha_p (void
);
Using CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_lightyear (void
);
One year times the speed of light ncm_c_c()
in meters.
gdouble
ncm_c_fine_struct_square (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_electric_constant (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_planck_length2 (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_atomic (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_e (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_p (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_n (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_thermal_wl_e (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
The electron termal wavelength is $\lambda_\mathrm{e} = \sqrt{2\pi\hbar^2/(m_\mathrm{e}k_\mathrm{B}T)} \,\left[\mathrm{m}\right]$.
gdouble
ncm_c_thermal_wl_p (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
The proton termal wavelength is $\lambda_\mathrm{p} = \sqrt{2\pi\hbar^2/(m_\mathrm{p}k_\mathrm{B}T)} \,\left[\mathrm{m}\right]$.
gdouble
ncm_c_thermal_wl_n (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
The neutron termal wavelength is $\lambda_\mathrm{n} = \sqrt{2\pi\hbar^2/(m_\mathrm{n}k_\mathrm{B}T)} \,\left[\mathrm{m}\right]$.
gdouble
ncm_c_thermal_wn_e (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
The electron termal wavenumber is $k_\mathrm{e} = 1/\lambda_\mathrm{e}$,
see ncm_c_thermal_wl_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_thermal_wn_p (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
The proton termal wavenumber is $k_\mathrm{p} = 1/\lambda_\mathrm{p}$,
see ncm_c_thermal_wl_p()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_thermal_wn_n (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
The neutron termal wavenumber is $k_\mathrm{n} = 1/\lambda_\mathrm{n}$,
see ncm_c_thermal_wl_n()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_H_reduced_mass (void
);
Derived from CODATA values, see description.
Reduced mass for the electron in Hydrogen binding energy calculation, i.e., $m_\mathrm{r} = m_\mathrm{e} / (1 + m_\mathrm{e}/m_\mathrm{p})$
gdouble
ncm_c_H_reduced_energy (void
);
Reduced mass times $c^2$, $m_\mathrm{r}c^2$, see ncm_c_H_reduced_mass()
.
gdouble ncm_c_H_bind (const gdouble n
,const gdouble j
);
Energy difference from unbounded state to state $(n,\,j)$, i.e., minus the binding energy of the state $(n,\,j)$, calculated from \begin{equation} E^\mathrm{H}_{n,j} = m_\mathrm{e}c^2\left[1 - f(n,j)\right], \end{equation} where \begin{align} f(n, j) &= \left[1+\left(\frac{\alpha}{n - \delta(j)}\right)^2\right]^{-\frac{1}{2}}, \\ \delta(j) &= j+\frac{1}{2} + \sqrt{\left(j+1/2\right)^2 - \alpha^2}. \end{align}
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_1H_u (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_2H_u (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_3H_u (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_3He_u (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_4He_u (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_1H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_1H_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_mass_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_2H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_2H_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_mass_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_3H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_3H_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_mass_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_3He (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_3He_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_mass_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_4He (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_4He_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_mass_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_1H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_1H_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_rest_energy_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_2H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_2H_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_rest_energy_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_3H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_3H_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_rest_energy_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_3He (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_3He_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_rest_energy_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_rest_energy_4He (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_4He_u()
$\times$ ncm_c_rest_energy_atomic()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_ratio_4He_1H (void
);
Obtained from CIAAW commission of IUPAC, see description.
Calculated using ncm_c_mass_4He_u()
/ ncm_c_mass_1H_u()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_au (void
);
Using IAU 2015 recommendation see description, compatible with NASA JPL recommendations (as in 5 January 2016).
gdouble
ncm_c_G_mass_solar (void
);
Using IAU 2015 recommendation see description.
IAU recomends the use of a fixed value for the gravitational constant times the solar mass.
gdouble
ncm_c_mass_solar (void
);
Using IAU 2015 recommendation see description.
As in the recomendation above $\mathrm{M}_\odot = (\mathcal{GM})_\odot / \mathrm{G}$.
Here we use the CODATA 2018 value for $G$, see ncm_c_G()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_1s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for H-I $1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ state, i.e., $k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for H-I $2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} = k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} - k_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2s_2S0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2p_2P0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for H-I $2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}} = k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} - k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2P0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2p_2P3_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for H-I $2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}} = k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{3/2}} - k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2P3_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2p_2Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
The mean ionization energy wavenumber for H-I $2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}$ and
$2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}$ states , i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}} = (k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}} + k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}) / 2$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_1s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}$,
see ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_1s_2S0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}$,
see ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2s_2S0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2p_2P0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}$,
see ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2p_2P0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2p_2P3_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}$,
see ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2p_2P3_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2p_2Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}}$,
see ncm_c_HI_ion_wn_2p_2Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition $k_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2P0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2P3_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Mean Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}$ and $2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}$ states, $k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{mean}^\mathrm{Ly}} = (k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly} + k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}) / 2$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition
$\lambda_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2s_2S0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2p_2P0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2P0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2p_2P3_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2P3_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2p_2Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean} \to 1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wn_2p_2Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} = \left(\lambda_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2s_2S0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_2P0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2p_2P0_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_2P3_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2p_2P3_5()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_2Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HI_Lyman_wl_2p_2Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HI_1s_2S0_5 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ hydrogen energy level, see
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_1s_2S0_5()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HI_2s_2S0_5 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ hydrogen energy level, see
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2s_2S0_5()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HI_2p_2P0_5 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{1/2}$ hydrogen energy level, see
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2p_2P0_5()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HI_2p_2P3_5 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_{3/2}$ hydrogen energy level, see
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2p_2P3_5()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HI_2p_2Pmean (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^2\!P_\mathrm{mean}$ hydrogen energy level, see
ncm_c_HI_ion_E_2p_2Pmean()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_1s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ state, i.e., $k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2s_1S0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2s_3S1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2s_3S1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_1P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_1P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3P0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3P2 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P2()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-I $2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}$ state calculated
from the difference between the first state and the corresponding Lyman
wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}} = k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} - k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_1s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_1s_1S0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2s_1S0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2s_3S1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2s_3S1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_1P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_1P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3P0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3P0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3P2 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3P2()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy calculated from the wavenumber $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_ion_wn_2p_3Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2s\,{}^1\!S_{0} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2s_3S1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2s\,{}^3\!S_{1} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_1P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^1\!P_{1} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{0} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{1} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P2 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{2} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Mean Lyman emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{*}$, i.e.,
$k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly} + k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly} + k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right) / 3$.
See ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P0()
, ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P1()
and ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P2()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2s\,{}^1\!S_{0} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2s_1S0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2s_3S1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2s\,{}^3\!S_{1} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2s_3S1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_1P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^1\!P_{1} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_1P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3P0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{0} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{1} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3P2 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{2} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3P2()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Wavelength for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean} \to 1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition
$\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly} = \left(k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{-1}$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wn_2p_3Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} = \left(\lambda_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2s_1S0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2s_3S1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}} = \left(\lambda_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2s_3S1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_1P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_1P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_3P0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3P0()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_3P1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3P1()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_3P2 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3P2()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl3_8pi_2p_3Pmean (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Effective volume of the Lyman wavelength $V^\mathrm{Ly}_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}} = \left(\lambda_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly}\right)^{3} / (8\pi)$,
see ncm_c_HeI_Lyman_wl_2p_3Pmean()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_1s_1S0 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $1s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_1s_1S0()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2s_1S0 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2s_1S0()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2s_3S1 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2s_3S1()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2p_1P1 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_1P1()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2p_3P0 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{0}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3P0()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2p_3P1 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{1}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3P1()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2p_3P2 (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_{2}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3P2()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_boltzmann_factor_HeI_2p_3Pmean (const gdouble T
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Calculates the Boltzmann factor $B_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}(T) = k_\mathrm{e}^3 T^{-3/2}\,\exp\left[-E_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}} / (k_\mathrm{B}T)\right]$,
for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}$ helium energy level, see
ncm_c_HeI_ion_E_2p_3Pmean()
and ncm_c_thermal_wn_e()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Balmer_wn_2p_1P1_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Balmer emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^1\!P_{1} \to 2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}$, calculated from the difference between the Lyman lines $2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ state and the corresponding Lyman wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} = k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly} - k_{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Balmer_wn_2p_3Pmean_2s_3S1 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Balmer emission wavenumber for the $2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean} \to 2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}$ transition $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}$, calculated from the difference between the Lyman lines $2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}$ state and the corresponding Lyman wavenumber, i.e., $k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}} = k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^\mathrm{Ly} - k_{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}^\mathrm{Ly}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Balmer_E_kb_2p_1P1_2s_1S0 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Balmer emission energy $E_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}} = hc\times{}k_{2p\,{}^1\!P_{1}}^{2s\,{}^1\!S_{0}}$ over $k_\mathrm{B}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeI_Balmer_E_kb_2p_3Pmean_2s_3S1
(void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Balmer emission energy $E_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}} = hc\times{}k_{2p\,{}^3\!P_\mathrm{mean}}^{2s\,{}^3\!S_{1}}$ over $k_\mathrm{B}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeII_ion_wn_1s_2S0_5 (void
);
NIST compilation of atomic spectra see description.
Ionization energy wavenumber for He-II $1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ state, i.e., $k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_HeII_ion_E_1s_2S0_5 (void
);
Ionization energy for He-II $1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}$ state, i.e., $E_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}} = hc \times k_{1s\,{}^2\!S_{1/2}}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_decay_H_rate_2s_1s (void
);
Theoretical value for the two photons decay rate for Hydrogen $2\mathrm{s} \to 1\mathrm{s}$ states Goldman 1989.
gdouble
ncm_c_decay_He_rate_2s_1s (void
);
Theoretical value for the two photons decay rate for Helium $2\mathrm{s} \to 1\mathrm{s}$ states Drake 1969.
double
ncm_c_stats_1sigma (void
);
The integral of a Gaussian distribution with mean $\mu$ and standard deviation $\sigma$ in $(\mu - 1 \sigma, \mu + 1 \sigma)$.
double
ncm_c_stats_2sigma (void
);
The integral of a Gaussian distribution with mean $\mu$ and standard deviation $\sigma$ in $(\mu - 2 \sigma, \mu + 2 \sigma)$.
double
ncm_c_stats_3sigma (void
);
The integral of a Gaussian distribution with mean $\mu$ and standard deviation sigma in $(\mu - 3 \sigma, \mu + 3 \sigma)$.
gdouble
ncm_c_hubble_cte_planck6_base (void
);
Planck VI Hubble constant base-$\Lambda$CDM model TT,TE,EE$+$lowE$+$lensing final result. See Planck Collaboration (2018) [arXiv].
gdouble
ncm_c_hubble_cte_hst (void
);
HST Hubble constant final result. See Freedman (2001) [arXiv].
gdouble
ncm_c_hubble_radius_hm1_Mpc (void
);
Hubble radius in units of $\mathsf{h}^{-1} \, \text{Mpc}$ defined as
\begin{equation}
R_H h^{-1} = \frac{c}{100 \mathsf{h} \, \text{km} \, \text{sec}^{-1} \, \text{Mpc}^{-1}} \, ,
\end{equation}
where $c$ is the speed of light (ncm_c_c()
). Calculated using ncm_c_c()
$/$ $10^{5}$.
gdouble
ncm_c_hubble_radius_hm1_planck (void
);
Hubble radius in units of $\mathsf{h}^{-1} \, l_{\text{p}}$. Calculated using ncm_c_hubble_radius_hm1_Mpc()
$\times$ ncm_c_Mpc()
$/$ ncm_c_planck_length()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_crit_density_h2 (void
);
The critical density is defined as
\begin{equation}
\rho_{\mathrm{crit}0} = \frac{3 c^2 H_0^2}{8\pi G},
\end{equation}
where $G$ is the gravitational constant (ncm_c_G()
), $c$ is the speed of light
(ncm_c_c()
) and $H_0$ is the Hubble parameter,
$$H_0 = 100 \times \mathsf{h} \,\left[\text{km}\,\text{s}^{-1}\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}\right].$$
gdouble
ncm_c_crit_mass_density_h2 (void
);
This function computes the critical mass density over $\mathsf{h}^2 \times c^2$.
gdouble
ncm_c_crit_mass_density_h2_solar_mass_Mpc3
(void
);
This function computes the critical mass density in units of solar mass $M_\odot$ and Mpc.
gdouble
ncm_c_crit_number_density_p (void
);
This function computes the proton number density in units of its rest energy. Calculated using ncm_c_crit_density_h2()
$/$ ncm_c_rest_energy_p()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_crit_number_density_n (void
);
This function computes the neutron number density in units of its rest energy. Calculated using ncm_c_crit_density_h2()
$/$ ncm_c_rest_energy_n()
.
gdouble
ncm_c_blackbody_energy_density (void
);
This functions returns the black body energy density divided by $T^4$. Defined as
\begin{equation}
\frac{\rho_{\text{BL}}}{T^4} = \frac{8\pi^2k_{\text{b}}^4}{15 \left( hc \right)^3},
\end{equation}
where $\rho_{\text{BL}}$ is the black body energy density, $T$ is the temperature, $k_{\text{b}}$ is the Boltzmann constant (ncm_c_kb()
), $h$ is the Planck constant (ncm_c_h()
) and $c$ is the speed of light (ncm_c_c()
).
gdouble
ncm_c_blackbody_per_crit_density_h2 (void
);
This functions returns ncm_c_blackbody_energy_density()
$/$ ncm_c_crit_density_h2()
.